房屋渗漏是建筑工程中的主要质量通病之一，外墙易产生渗漏的部位主要有门窗与外墙交接部位渗水、散水坡渗水、外墙预埋件根部渗水、变形缝部位渗水、外墙镶贴饰面块材渗漏、铝合金门窗的渗漏。外墙渗漏的大部分原因，多为施工措施不当及施工工艺不到位所产生的后果。下面济南专业防水公司给大家介绍几种预防外墙渗漏的方法。
1、变形缝内严禁掉入砌茬、砂浆和其他杂物，缝内应保持干净、贯通，按规范要求填油麻丝外加盖镀锌铁板。密闭镀锌盖板的制作应符合变形缝工作构造要求，确保沉降、伸缩的正常性。安装盖板必须整洁、平整、牢固，接头处必须是顺水方向压接密实。
Do not fall into the puzzle within Deformation stubble, mortar and other debris should be kept clean and the seam, through, according to specifications flax oil to fill the outer stamped galvanized iron. Sealed cover made of galvanized movement joint work should be consistent with structural requirements to ensure the settlement, retractable normal sex. Install the cover must be clean, smooth, firm, joints must be sailing direction crimp dense.
2、铝合金窗框的下挡应设排水孔，窗框阴角密封胶应嵌实封闭。榫接、螺钉等处都应仔细嵌上耐候胶。毛刷条玻璃嵌条、固定牢固，安装到位，无短头、缺角、离位现象，耐候胶应光滑平整，粗细均匀无气泡。窗扇与窗框搭接严密，关闭后应无缝隙，不透气不透亮不渗水。
Under the aluminum window frames blocked drainage holes should be located, sash overcast corner sealant should be caulked closed. Mortise, screws, etc. should be carefully embedded on weathering plastic. Brush strip of glass moldings, fixed firmly in place, no short head, chipping, off-site phenomenon, weathering plastic should be smooth, uniform thickness, no bubbles. Lap sash and frame tight, there should be no gap closed, airtight not translucent impermeable.
3、外墙框架结构柱与砌体围护结构间的连接，必须按设计及施工规范要求，在混凝土柱中预埋砌体锚固钢筋;在砌体结构施工前，柱与砌块必须浇透水，吸水饱满。砌筑时，砌体与柱间必须用同标号的砌筑砂浆填塞饱满，不得出现先砌砖后钩缝的现象。在结构梁面砌筑砌体时，必须座浆饱满。
Connection columns and masonry exterior frame structure between the envelope must be according to the design and construction specifications, embedded in masonry anchor reinforced concrete column; masonry structure before construction, column and block must be irrigated water full. When masonry must be packed full with the same label mortar between masonry and columns may not appear after the first brick hook sewn phenomenon. When masonry masonry surface structural beams must seat pulp full.
4、窗台施工时室外应低于室内20mm，做成顺水坡。窗楣设置滴水槽，或做成鹰嘴。室外窗台饰面层应严格控制水泥砂浆的水灰比，抹灰前充分湿润基层，并涂刷素浆结合层，薄厚均匀一致，抹灰抹压密实，下框企口嵌灰饱满密实、压严。
When windowsill construction should be below indoor outdoor 20mm, made ??sailing slope. Window lintel set drip, or make olecranon. Outdoor windowsill facing layer of cement mortar should be strictly controlled water-cement ratio, fully wet grass before plastering and brushing prime pulp binding layer, thickness uniform, plastering TROWELING dense, gray inlay under the tongue and groove box full of dense, press Yan.
5、散水坡的基底应夯实或采用中砂、炉渣的材料，垫层应采用碎石混凝土，防止不均匀沉降造成散水坡开裂。散水坡应从垫层到找平层和面层与墙身勒脚断开，防止建筑物沉降时破化散水结构的整体性。且要按房屋建筑轴线设置温度缝，防止因温度变化造成散水坡伸缩而损坏散水坡。
Bulk water slope of the base should be compacted or use sand, slag materials, concrete gravel cushion should be used to prevent bulk water caused by uneven settlement slope cracking. Bulk water slope should cushion the leveling layer and the surface layer and the wall plinth disconnected, to prevent breaking the integrity of the bulk water structure when building settlement. And set the temperature according to the axis of housing construction joints, prevent bulk water due to temperature changes caused by damage to the slope stretching bulk water slope.
